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development and are essential for normal embryonic growth and development. Based on a series of genome-wide association (GWA) studies, IMP2 was recently implicated in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we review the molecular properties of the IMP family and IMP2
Department of Anesthesiology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan & Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
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Introduction Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) share some clinical and pathologic similarities, presenting with hyperglycemia resulting from islet β cell dysfunction and/or defect of insulin action. Hyperglycemia associated with both T1D
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Departments of, Physiology, Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Departments of, Physiology, Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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locus for non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes in linkage studies and is believed to contain more than one susceptibility gene ( Ji et al . 1997 , Zouali et al . 1997 , Ghosh et al . 1999 ). One such gene is hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α ( HNF4A
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– 733 . ( doi:10.1038/35055575 ) Ahren B 2009 Islet G protein-coupled receptors as potential targets for treatment of type 2 diabetes . Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery 8 369 – 385 . ( doi:10.1038/nrd2782 ) Almahariq M Mei FC Cheng
Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Endocrine and Metabolic E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities (EISU), Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Key Laboratory for Endocrinology and Metabolism of Chinese Health Ministry, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197th Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
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Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Endocrine and Metabolic E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities (EISU), Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Key Laboratory for Endocrinology and Metabolism of Chinese Health Ministry, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197th Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
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Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Endocrine and Metabolic E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities (EISU), Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Key Laboratory for Endocrinology and Metabolism of Chinese Health Ministry, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197th Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
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patients and their insulin secretion. Figure 1 FFAR2 expression is elevated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. (A) Relative FFAR2 mRNA expression in PBMCs of patients with recent-onset T1D ( n =33) and
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Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Introduction Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP or amylin), the main constituent of insoluble amyloid deposits in pancreatic islets of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), is secreted from pancreatic beta cells at a level of approximately 1
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2030 ( www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/publications/facts/diabetes/en ). Diabetes mellitus was recently reclassified into three main entities: 1) type 1 diabetes which is linked to selective autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, 2) type 2
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Introduction Diabetic nephropathy is a severe long-term complication of both type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, which is considered as one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease requiring either dialysis or renal transplantation. Although the
AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Colombia, USA
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AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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that results from defects in insulin action, insulin secretion, or both. Despite the different etiologies of type 1 (insulin deficiency) and type 2 diabetes (insulin resistance), both are associated with ‘macrovascular complications’, including
Research and Development, GenomicTree, Inc., 461-6 Jonmin-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-811, South Korea
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Research and Development, GenomicTree, Inc., 461-6 Jonmin-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-811, South Korea
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Research and Development, GenomicTree, Inc., 461-6 Jonmin-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-811, South Korea
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Research and Development, GenomicTree, Inc., 461-6 Jonmin-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-811, South Korea
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Research and Development, GenomicTree, Inc., 461-6 Jonmin-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-811, South Korea
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Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease involving abnormal carbohydrate regulation and lipid metabolism by insulin ( Saltiel 2001 ). Insulin resistance, characterized as decreased insulin action on glucose