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Introduction An increasing body of literature supports a significant role for the hormone prolactin (PRL) in the pathogenesis of human breast cancer. Epidemiologic analysis has revealed that PRL concentration is associated with an increased risk for
Breast Cancer Now Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Introduction A woman’s risk to get breast cancer is affected by her reproductive history and hence exposure to reproductive hormones. An early full-term pregnancy has protective effects ( MacMahon et al. , 1970 ), whereas risk increases with
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Introduction Oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα), as a measure of steroid hormone receptor status, is a currently accepted prognostic marker used to predict the response of an individual breast cancer to hormone therapy ( Pertschuk
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severe side effects including coronary heart disease, stroke and increased invasive breast cancer risk ( Writing Group for the Women’s Health Initiative Investigators 2002 , Million Women Study Collaborators 2003 , Krieger et al. 2005 , Vickers et
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Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women worldwide ( Ferlay et al. 2015 ). Over the past decades, substantial progress toward treatment of primary estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer has been made
Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Physiology, Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia Departments of
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Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, Physiology, Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia Departments of
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one mechanism whereby they increase the risk of breast cancer, especially in women who are obese. Dysregulated metabolism is also a driver of obesity-related aromatase expression in the breast, but this topic is beyond the scope of this article
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and, despite significant progress in detection and treatments, incidence has been steadily increasing in the last 40 years ( Torre et al. 2015 ). Over the past decades, it has become clear
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Introduction The frequency of breast cancer is escalating with improved life expectancy and the increased adoption of western lifestyles ( Jemal et al. 2011 , Ferlay et al. 2015 , Torre et al. 2015 ). Breast cancer is one of the most
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development and further growth of a number of benign and malignant hormone-dependent disorders, including breast and endometrial cancers ( Bulun et al. 2005 , Cavalieri et al. 2006 , Kim et al. 2013 , Santen et al. 2015 ). Breast cancer is the
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chemokine receptors in mammary gland biology and breast cancer, before joining the Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory at the Centre for Cancer Biology (an alliance between The University of South Australia and SA Pathology). Sarah’s research focusses on the
