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Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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interventional strategies to mitigate body weight gain and its sequelae ( Blüher 2019 ). Vitamin A or retinol is a fat-soluble vitamin with long recognized roles in vision, growth, reproduction, and immunity. An expanding body of evidence further implicates
Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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previously unrecognized hormone/metabolites response systems ( Evans 1988 , Giguère et al. 1988 ). Vitamin A, aka all-trans-retinol, was purified by McCollum and Davis (Wisconsin) and Osborne and Mendel (Yale) in 1913 ( Semba 2012 ). They showed it to be
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Introduction and focus Vitamin A (all-trans retinol, ROL), a lipid-soluble micronutrient, is absolutely required for mammalian life. Without vitamin A, mammals develop many clinical pathologies, from xerophthalmia (dryness and inflammation of
Department of Pathology,
National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania PO, Hyderabad-500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Department of Pathology,
National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania PO, Hyderabad-500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Department of Pathology,
National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania PO, Hyderabad-500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Department of Pathology,
National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania PO, Hyderabad-500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
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continuous recruitment of newer cells and elimination of adipocytes by apoptosis under normal physiological conditions as well as disease conditions. Vitamin A, an important micronutrient, has an unusually wide range of vital physiological actions in
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from organs and biological fluids that had profound effects on reproduction, development, and general maintenance of a healthy organism. Coincidently, the chemical structure of vitamin A and the steroid hormones estradiol and progesterone were resolved
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Introduction Up until the very end of 1987, it was not understood how vitamin A which had a well-defined role as the retinal chromophore in vision also exerted its effects on cell growth, differentiation, and pattern formation. The broad
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Introduction The history of retinoic acid (RA) signaling began with the discovery that its precursor vitamin A (also called retinol) is essential for embryonic growth and development as shown by vitamin A deficiency studies ( Wilson et al
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impairment of LTP ( Nomoto et al. 2012 ). These results indicate synaptic transmission dysfunction and synaptic activity alterations in the hippocampus following changes in RA signalling ( Nomoto et al. 2012 ). Vitamin A-deficient (VAD) rodents show a
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División Endocrinología, Hospital General de Agudos ‘Carlos G. Durand’, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Introduction Retinoic acid (RA), the active acid metabolite of Vitamin A, is a regulator of metabolic and cellular functions like cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. RA acts mainly through a canonical pathway of gene expression
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It has recently been reported that carriers of the less common allele at the scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) exon 1 polymorphism are more susceptible to the presence of saturated fatty acid in the diet because of a greater increase in LDL cholesterol. Our aim was to determine if this polymorphism could also influence postprandial lipoprotein metabolism, because the SR-BI has been described as a possible mediator in the intestinal absorption of triacylglycerols. Forty-seven normolipidemic volunteers who were homozygous for the E3 allele at the APOE gene were selected [37 homozygous for the common genotype (1/1) at the SR-BI exon 1 polymorphism and 10 heterozygous (1/2)]. They were given a fat-rich meal containing 1 g fat and 7 mg cholesterol per kg body weight and vitamin A 60,000 IU/m2 body surface. Fat accounted for 60% of calories, and protein and carbohydrates accounted for 15% and 25% of energy respectively. Blood samples were taken at time 0, every 1 h until 6 h, and every 2.5 h until 11 h. Total cholesterol and triacylglycerols in plasma, and cholesterol, triacylglycerols and retinyl palmitate in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins (large and small triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins) were determined. Postprandial responses for triacylglycerols and retinyl palmitate in small triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins were higher in 1/1 individuals than in 1/2 individuals. No other significant differences were noted. Our data show that the presence of the genotype 1/2 is associated with a lower postprandial lipemic response.
