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Historical perspective Transcriptional coactivators are defined, broadly, as the family of coregulator molecules that interact with nuclear receptors and other transcription factors to enhance the rate of gene transcription. The existence of
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Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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), with the SCN serving to synchronize ‘peripheral’ clocks ( Albrecht 2012 , Mohawk et al. 2012 ). The specific machinery underlying circadian clocks differ from organism to organism, but at the cellular level they depend on the transcription of sets of
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, Schweizer & Kohrle 2013 ). Physiological effects of TH are largely mediated by regulation of gene transcription by TH receptors (TRs): ligand-dependent transcription factors that belong to the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily. Two different genes ( Thra
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Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Nephrology and Blood Purification, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe Medical Frontier Center, Kobe, Japan
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Introduction The active form of Vitamin D 3 (VD 3 ) is a fat-soluble vitamin that performs transcriptional control of target genes by binding to and activating the VD receptor (VDR). In the liver, the proactive form of VD 3 is hydroxylated
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Introduction It is widely reported the that transcription of genes is not a static process and can occur in rapid bursts (with second-minute timescales ( Ozbudak et al . 2002 , Blake et al . 2003 , Raser & O’Shea 2004 , Golding et al
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Introduction The POMC gene has proven to be incredibly informative to study various aspects of gene regulation. Indeed, its restricted expression in two pituitary cell lineages provided the system to identify cell-restricted transcription
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Centre for Research in Reproduction, Development and Intergenerational Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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functional status ( Foresta et al. 2004 , Ivell et al. 2013 ). Despite the fact that the INSL3 promoter has been isolated from various species, very little is known regarding its transcriptional regulation. We and others have shown that transcription
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how the growth factors are upregulated in tumors. In the case of the gastrin promoter, various transcription factors including Sp1 ( Chupreta et al . 2000 ), p73 ( Tomkova et al . 2006 ), β-catenin/TCF4 ( Chakladar et al . 2005 ), and AP1 are
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada
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leukemia (APL). RARA, retinoic acid receptor alpha; mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid; PML, promyelocytic leukemia; ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid; RT-PCR, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction; ATO, arsenic trioxide. Created with BioRender
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is insulin-independent, are upregulated in many cancer cells ( Tennant et al . 2009 ). GLUTs expression is upregulated by oncogenes such as RAS , hypoxia (via increased activity of the hypoxia inducible factor transcription regulator, HIF1α
