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mechanisms behind this correlation are not fully understood. Since TTF-2 plays a critical role as mediator between extracellular inputs in the maintenance of thyroid-specific gene expression, we hypothesized that it could play a role in adipocyte signaling on
Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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of implantation. The mechanisms by which estrogen transforms a progesterone-primed uterus to the receptive state, activates blastocysts, and initiates implantation are not clearly delineated. The classical estrogen signaling pathway is through
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exogenous), and subsequent increase in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling. Altered balances of some adipokines may also contribute to an inflammatory state and increased proliferation; iii) chronic inflammation characterized by increased
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that multiple mPRs are expressed on the cell membranes of human VSMCs and that both progesterone and 02-0, a selective mPR agonist, but not R5020, a selective PR agonist, rapidly activated MAP kinase and Akt signaling pathways and caused muscle
MedChem Research II, Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensens Vej 6, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
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MedChem Research II, Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensens Vej 6, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
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MedChem Research II, Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensens Vej 6, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
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MedChem Research II, Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensens Vej 6, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
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MedChem Research II, Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensens Vej 6, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
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hypothalamus, through which it exerts its key regulatory role by controlling the overall energy homeostasis, i.e. induction of reduced food intake and promotion of weight loss ( Ahima & Flier 2000 , Korner & Aronne 2003 ). Defective leptin signalling due to
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G-protein-coupled receptors The importance of GPCRs Physiological functions such as development, growth, behavior, learning, emotions, senses and aging are strongly dependent on the control of endocrine circuits. Hormonal signals exert
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Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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, cloning, and structural/mechanistic studies focused on PAM and then expanded to include cell biological studies on secretory granule biogenesis, retrograde signaling from the granule lumen to the nucleus, and the delivery of essential cofactors (ascorbate
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Division of Structural Biology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research), National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research), Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India
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downstream signaling pathways, but the exact molecular mechanism remains elusive. The recently solved crystal structure of FSH in complex with the entire ECD of FSHR including the hinge region provides some explanation. FSH interacts with FSHR in a two
Department of Medicine of Systems, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, EBRI Foundation, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 100133 Rome, Italy
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Department of Medicine of Systems, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, EBRI Foundation, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 100133 Rome, Italy
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Department of Medicine of Systems, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, EBRI Foundation, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 100133 Rome, Italy
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Department of Medicine of Systems, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, EBRI Foundation, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 100133 Rome, Italy
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various peptides stored in large, dense core granules and secreted via the regulated secretory pathway in response to different stimuli, such as membrane depolarization and intracellular signaling activation ( Possenti et al . 1989 , 1999 , Trani et al
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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determined that ACTH(1–16) is the minimal sequence required for ACTH binding to MC2R and downstream signaling ( Kapas et al. 1996 , Chen et al. 2007 ). In addition, some ACTH fragments not only lack activity, but act as competitive antagonists of full