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York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
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York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
The Alan Turing Institute, Kings Cross, London, UK
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Introduction Approximately 75% of breast cancers are classified as estrogen receptor-α (ER) positive. In these cancers, the ER is no longer correctly regulated, subverts cell division regulation, and becomes the driving transcription factor in
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target for drug developers treating human diseases such as cardiovascular, cancer, and autoimmune disorders ( Deroo & Korach 2006 ). Drugs in the market that modulate the activity of nuclear receptors represent over $30 billion in pharmaceutical sales
Department of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Department of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Department of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Biochemistry Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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crucial cellular processes (e.g. proliferation, growth, differentiation and development) ( Hershey et al . 2012 ). Dysregulated mRNA translation is implicated in most hallmarks of cancer including aberrant cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and
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cardiovascular system, as well as being significant for certain brain functions ( Couse & Korach 1999 ). Additionally, estrogens stimulate breast cancer progression and ∼70–80% of breast cancers express ERα. The presence of ERα correlates with likelihood of
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Introduction Androgens play a central role in the biology of normal prostate development and prostate cancer progression ( Shen & Abate-Shen 2010 ). These hormones mediate their effects through the action of the androgen receptor (AR), a member of
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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this review we will concentrate on the role of progestins (Pg) on the regulation of gene expression via their specific progesterone receptor (PR), focusing on breast cancer cells. All the steroid hormone receptors share a similar organization of domains
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risk of colorectal cancer ( Cui et al . 2003 , Ito et al . 2008 ). Observational data have also correlated blood concentrations of IGF2 and soluble IGF2R with human birth weight and adult height, suggesting that relative supply of ligand and receptor
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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cardiovascular and central nervous systems. ERs are also implicated in related pathologies such as breast and uterine cancers, osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases ( Nilsson et al . 2001 , Deroo & Korach 2006 , Jia et al . 2015 ). Their roles in cancer
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(AMPK) mediates the induction of multiple genes via activation of several transcription factors ( Canto & Auwerx 2010 ). Of interest in breast cancer cells, D-glucose deprivation enhances the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen ( Ambrosio et
Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) & Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine (MCM), University of Dundee, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Dundee, UK
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Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
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mice promotes cellular proliferation, enhances differentiation, and delays postlactational apoptosis . Molecular Cancer Research 1 32 – 47 . (available at: https://aacrjournals.org/mcr/article/1/1/32/232305/Overexpression