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Evolution and Reproductive Medicine, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Fujita Medical Innovation Center Tokyo, Reproduction Center, Tokyo, Japan
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al. 2023 ). Moreover, MED12-UFs have increased ECM organization, cell adhesion, integrin-mediated signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and response to estrogen, whereas wt-UFs have increased angiogenic activities and smooth muscle cell
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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and nutrients are exported into the LSECs and liver parenchyma, while metabolism products and other cell exports enter the blood ( Fig. 1 ). This structure creates a gradient of oxygen, nutrients, and signalling molecules including Wnt morphogens, a
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) and Wnts, and tumor hypoxia exacerbates this pro-angiogenic function ( Mazzieri et al. 2011 , Van Overmeire et al. 2014, De Palma et al. 2017 ). CAFs are also a major source of VEGF, and in mammary tumors formed from ER + cells, they recruit