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Alessandra Mingione Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Chiara Verdelli Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

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Stefano Ferrero Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

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Valentina Vaira Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare (INGM) Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy

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Vito Guarnieri Medical Genetics, IRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy

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Alfredo Scillitani Endocrine Unit, IRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy

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Leonardo Vicentini Endocrine Surgery, IRCCS Fondazione Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

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Gianni Balza Internal Medicine Unit, A.O. Alessandro Manzoni, Lecco, Italy

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Edoardo Beretta Endocrine Surgery, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

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Annalisa Terranegra Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar

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Giuseppe Vezzoli Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

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Laura Soldati Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Sabrina Corbetta Endocrinology Service, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

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Endocrinology 45 245 – 256 . ( doi:10.1677/JME-10-0034 ) Varshney S Bhadada SK Saikia UN Sachdeva N Behera A Arya AK Sharma S Bhansali A Mithal A Rao SD 2013a Simultaneous expression analysis of vitamin D receptor

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Fraydoon Rastinejad Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Target Discovery Institute (NDM RB), Oxford, UK

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to RXRs and RARs follows a more general concept appreciated for the NR family by which endogenous lipophilic molecules, representing cellular signals, including RAs, vitamin D3, thyroid hormone, fatty acids and heme, are selectively bound in the

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Masaki Shiota Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan

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Akira Yokomizo Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan

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Seiji Naito Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan

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. 2006 , Bhattacharyya et al . 2008 ). These findings are compatible with the results of a large-scale trial (Nutritional Prevention of Cancer (NPC) Trial; the Selenium and Vitamin E Chemoprevention Trial, SELECT), which indicated that selenium

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B Horard
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A Castet
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P-L Bardet
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V Laudet
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V Cavailles
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J-M Vanacker
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receptors for such diverse ligands as steroid hormones, retinoic acids, thyroid hormone or vitamin D, the NR family comprises a number of ‘orphan’ receptors, for which no ligand has been identified to date ( Giguère 1999 ). NR are organized in several

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Tetsuya Tagami Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan

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Hiroyuki Yamamoto Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan

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Kenji Moriyama Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan

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Kuniko Sawai Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan

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Takeshi Usui Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan

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Akira Shimatsu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan

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Mitsuhide Naruse Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan

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Introduction A subgroup of the nuclear receptor superfamily that includes the receptors for thyroid hormone (TRs), retinoic acid (RARs), and vitamin D are known to form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXR) to modulate the transcription of

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Fraydoon Rastinejad Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA

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Pengxiang Huang Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA

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Vikas Chandra Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA

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Sepideh Khorasanizadeh Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA

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384 – 390 . ( doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(01)01800-X ). Kliewer SA Umesono K Mangelsdorf DJ Evans RM 1992a Retinoid X receptor interacts with nuclear receptors in retinoic acid, thyroid hormone and vitamin D3 signalling . Nature 355 446

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Sandra Navarro Control of Food Intake Group, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain

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Lucia Soletto Control of Food Intake Group, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain

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Sara Puchol Control of Food Intake Group, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain

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Josep Rotllant Aquatic Molecular Pathobiology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain

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Jose Luis Soengas Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain

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Jose Miguel Cerdá-Reverter Control of Food Intake Group, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain

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Introduction Proopiomelanocortin ( POMC ) gene encodes a protein precursor whose posttranslational processing yields the melanocortins among other biologically active peptides. In tetrapods, this precursor integrates three main domains: the N

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Jan Wilde Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Nonnenplan 4,
07743 Jena, Germany

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Maria Erdmann Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Nonnenplan 4,
07743 Jena, Germany

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Michael Mertens Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Nonnenplan 4,
07743 Jena, Germany

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Gabriele Eiselt Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Nonnenplan 4,
07743 Jena, Germany

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Martin Schmidt Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Nonnenplan 4,
07743 Jena, Germany

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classified RARE2 as a VDR/RXR response element. Therefore, we tested whether 1,25(OH) 2 –vitamin D3 could induce reporter gene activity. There was no significant induction in comparison with ethanol-treated controls (which were set to 100±16%, means± s

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Verónica García-Carpizo
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Lidia Ruiz-Llorente
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Mario Fraga Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain

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Ana Aranda
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-Silva et al . 2011 ). The TRβ promoter is methylated in early stage breast cancer tumors ( Li et al . 2002 ). The same occurs with the retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ). Retinoic acid (RA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, plays a key role in development

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Bryan B Ho Department of Internal Medicine, Section Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

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Clemens Bergwitz Department of Internal Medicine, Section Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

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proximal tubules, FGF23 caused internalisation of sodium type 2 co-transporter NPT2a in a FGFR1c/KL-mediated manner by activation of ERK1/2 and SGK1 (red, canonical). FGF23 also decreased activation of vitamin D in a KL-independent fashion (blue, non

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