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Annu Makker Post‐Graduate Department of Pathology, Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India

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Madhu Mati Goel Post‐Graduate Department of Pathology, Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India

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Abbas Ali Mahdi Post‐Graduate Department of Pathology, Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India

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evidence described in the literature have shown that the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/PTEN/Akt and TSC/mTOR signaling pathways are critical regulators of ovarian function including dormancy and activation of PFs, oocyte maintenance and activation, and

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Eui Hyun Kim Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Geon A Kim Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Anukul Taweechaipaisankul Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Seok Hee Lee Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Muhammad Qasim Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Curie Ahn Division of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Byeong Chun Lee Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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embryonic development by melatonin via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant-responsive element (Nrf2/ARE) signaling pathway. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, also known as NFE2L2 or Nrf2, is a potential transcription

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Jandee Lee Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Mi-Youn Seol Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Seonhyang Jeong Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Hyeong Ju Kwon Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Cho Rok Lee Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Cheol Ryong Ku Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Sang-Wook Kang Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Jong Ju Jeong Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Dong Yeob Shin Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Kee-Hyun Nam Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Eun Jig Lee Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Woong Youn Chung Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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Young Suk Jo Departments of Surgery, Internal Medicine, Pathology

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chain of proteins that transduces a signal from a membrane receptor to the nucleus. In many cancers, including BRAFV600E-driven tumors, the sustained activation of this pathway causes uncontrolled growth and cell survival, promoting carcinogenesis

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Margaret Warner Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

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Xiaotang Fan Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China

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Anders Strom Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

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Wanfu Wu Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

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Jan-Åke Gustafsson Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden

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discovery, everything about DHT, 3β-Adiol, CYP7β1, and ERβ fell into place and a new endocrine pathway was unveiled ( Fig. 1 ) ( Weihua et al. 2002 ). Figure 1 A novel role for dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in estrogen signaling. How does

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James W Antoon Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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William D Meacham Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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Melyssa R Bratton Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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Evelyn M Slaughter Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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Lyndsay V Rhodes Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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Hasina B Ashe Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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Thomas E Wiese Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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Matthew E Burow Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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Barbara S Beckman Tulane Department of Pharmacology, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacy, Tulane Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-83, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA

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et al . 2007 ). Unfortunately, resistance to all endocrine therapies has been documented in both laboratory and clinical experiments, thereby necessitating novel strategies for targeting ER signaling to combat ER-positive breast cancer drug resistance

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L Quignodon
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C Legrand
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N Allioli
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A Guadaño-Ferraz
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J Bernal
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J Samarut
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F Flamant
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provide another level of regulation to T3 distribution. All these observations suggest that T3 signaling in the developing brain can be modulated at several levels by both intracellular and extracellular events and does not directly reflect T3

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Juliane Dinter Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Jessica Mühlhaus Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Simon Friedrich Jacobi Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Carolin Leonie Wienchol Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Maxi Cöster Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Jaroslawna Meister Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Carolin Stephanie Hoefig Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Anne Müller Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Josef Köhrle Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Annette Grüters Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Heiko Krude Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Jens Mittag Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Torsten Schöneberg Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Gunnar Kleinau Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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Heike Biebermann Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institut für Biochemie, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany

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3-T1AM also binds to the α-2A-adrenergic receptor (ADRA2A), a receptor that influences glucose homeostasis ( Regard et al . 2007 ), but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. We consequently hypothesized that signaling of ADRA2A is induced or

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Xin-wei Chen Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Ye-hong Li Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Meng-jun Zhang Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Zhou Chen Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Dian-shan Ke Central Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

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Ying Xue Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
Department of Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Jian-ming Hou Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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). However, there have been no studies on the effects of LF in senile osteoporosis to date. The insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway was the first cell signaling mechanism that has been clearly shown to influence aging ( Kenyon et al. 2010 ). IGF1 is a critical

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R Alhamdan Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK

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W Maalouf Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK

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B K Campbell Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK

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J H Hernandez-Medrano Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK

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P Marsters Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK

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latter studies suggest the possibility of interactivity between NPs and VEGF variants ( Bijsmans et al . 2017 , Kamai et al . 2018 , Spes et al . 2019 ). This study’s over-riding objective was to extend the current knowledge of NP signalling in the

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Megan Beetch Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Brian Akhaphong Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Alicia Wong Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Briana Clifton Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Seokwon Jo Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Ramkumar Mohan Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Juan E Abrahante Llorens University of Minnesota Informatics Institute (UMII), Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Emilyn U Alejandro Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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to support fetal growth, responds to maternal nutrient availability and fetal demand to orchestrate the allocation of nutrients to meet energy and nutritional needs. Placental signaling pathways regulate fetal growth by sensing and integrating

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