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Introduction Androgens are steroid hormones, which play an important role in the development and maintenance of male characteristics. The two most important androgens are testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Each of them plays a distinct
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Introduction In the late 1980s the observation that the steroid hormone receptors shared highly conserved domains encouraged researchers to search for additional members of the nuclear receptor (NR) family ( Mangelsdorf et al . 1995 , Giguère 1999
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Introduction Steroid hormone synthesis in the adrenal cortex requires a continuous supply of free cholesterol. However, endogenous synthesis provides only about 20% of the cholesterol required for corticosteroid formation ( Kraemer 2007 ), the main
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Introduction DHEAS is the most abundant steroid in human circulation and represents the conjugated, nonactive excretion form of DHEA, which acts as the universal sex steroid precursor and the major source of androgens in women ( Arlt et al . 1999
Endokrinologikum Hamburg, Falkenried 88, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Endokrinologikum Hamburg, Falkenried 88, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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with multiple club-shaped projections arising from their cell surface ( Wynn 1974 ). In pregnancy, the endometrium is under the continued support of steroid hormones as well as blastocyst-derived signals such as human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). This
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Introduction Steroid hormones, including androgens, progestins, estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids, regulate a wide variety of physiological processes by binding to their cognate receptors and are integral to
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direct fusion of secretory granules with lysosomes; 2) as steroids are not stored in secretory granules, in steroid-secreting endocrine cells, crinophagy does not exist and macroautophagy is the predominant control mechanism of intracellular hormone
Institute of Genetics and Reproduction, Constantine the Philosopher University, Altogen Biosystems, Polyclinics and Hospital of Nitra, Animal Production Research Centre, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky near Nitra, Slovakia
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. 2007 , Sawada et al . 2007 , Wang & Tsang 2007 ). The most well-characterized ovarian hormones include steroids, especially progesterone (P 4 ), and peptide insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1). These hormones control a wide array of reproductive
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about the mechanisms that regulate steroidogenesis during fetal life, particularly at this critical time of development. In adult mammalian ovaries, the production of sex steroids from cholesterol is regulated by the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone
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stimulates TRPM3 channel activity is the basis for the hypothesis that TRPM3 functions as an ionotropic steroid receptor of pancreatic β-cells linking insulin release with steroid hormone signaling ( Frühwald et al . 2012 ). Pregnenolone sulfate: a ligand