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Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-99, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
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− , CD45 − , and CD11b − ), and capacity to differentiate into either adipocytes or osteoblasts as described previously ( Strong et al . 2012 , 2013 , Bourin et al . 2013 ). Cell culture ASCs were cultured on 150 cm 2 culture dishes (Nunc, Rochester
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expressed during the formation of ossification zones during mouse development in vivo as well as in vitro in primary rat calvarial (RC) cells ( Bonnelye et al . 1997 , 2001 ). Inhibiting ERRα blocks differentiation of RC cells into mature osteoblasts
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Departments of Internal Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA
Departments of Internal Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA
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Departments of Internal Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA
Departments of Internal Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA
Departments of Internal Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA
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,25-D 3 may also have a direct effect on the vasculature fibrotic response to injury ( Artaza et al . 2009 ). Even though most evidence indicates an adverse effect of low vitamin D levels on CVD, the role of 1,25-D 3 in cardiac cell differentiation
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-day-old) rat testis ( Ge et al . 2006 ) and are shown to have the capability of self-renewing or differentiating into androgen-producing Leydig cell lineage. The first cell seen in the Leydig cell lineage is the spindle-shaped progenitor Leydig cell
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Introduction Bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) in culture can differentiate into several distinct cell lineages, including adipocytes, osteoblastes or chondrocytes ( Pittenger et al . 1999 , Caplan & Brude 2001 ). There are two major
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were treated with 0.25% trypsin and transferred to fresh culture flasks at 1:2 ratio. Differentiation of osteoblastic cells When the cells reached 80% confluence after 2 or 3 days of culture, they were induced to undergo differentiation using
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tadpole-tail-derived cell line, XL-B4. Because the cells expressed myoblastic cell marker genes, we confirmed that the cells could differentiate into myotubes in vitro . Moreover, the cells differentiated into myotubes when transplanted into tadpole tails
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Introduction The growth plate is a dynamic tissue in which cells undergo a developmental program from resting cells to proliferation, maturation, and hypertrophy, until they reach terminal differentiation and produce the mineralized
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differentiating into mature brown adipocytes upon insulin and triiodothyronine (T3) exposure as assessed by their ability to display multilocular intracytoplasmic lipid droplets and by the occurrence of specific adipogenic gene activation ( Penfornis et al. 2000
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undifferentiated stage ( Ikeda et al. 1994 ), leading to adrenal formation and gonadal differentiation ( Schnabel et al. 2003 ). At a later stage of development, as histologic sex differentiation of the gonad begins, several vertebrate species exhibit a