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Department of Anatomy, School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, 212 Greene Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
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Introduction The melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R), a member of family A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) ( Gantz et al . 1993 , Roselli-Rehfuss et al . 1993 ), has received increasing attention with regard to its multiple physiological functions
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. 1972 ). The notion that multiple types of GnRH ligands and receptors are distributed in a wide range of tissues has become generally accepted. Thus, GnRH is thought to have diverse physiological functions in addition to the facilitation of gonadotropin
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instance, androgens increase the life span of bone cells through anti-apoptotic activity ( Kasperk et al . 1989 ), and their effects are linked with transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor ( Kousteni et al . 2001 ). Androgens induce both cell
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Introduction Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-2 (PPARG2) belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) superfamily ( Desvergne & Wahli 1999 , Michalik et al . 2006 , Lu & Cheng 2010 ). Through different promoter usage and splicing
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Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology, Centre of Excellence for Endocrine Tumors, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, Endocrine Oncology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Entrance 70, 3rd Floor, Research Department 2, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology, Centre of Excellence for Endocrine Tumors, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, Endocrine Oncology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Entrance 70, 3rd Floor, Research Department 2, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology, Centre of Excellence for Endocrine Tumors, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, Endocrine Oncology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Entrance 70, 3rd Floor, Research Department 2, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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chemotherapy agents of metastatic LCs may be reduced due to low response rates and serious side effects, multimodality strategies have been developed ( Gustafsson et al . 2008 ). Indeed, somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) can be expressed in LCs ( Righi et al
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mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and GR. These receptors are abundantly found in stress-sensitive regions of the brain (e.g. prefrontal cortex and hippocampus; Sánchez et al. 2000 ). Importantly, there are several negative feedback mechanisms in this system
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specific receptors, namely GRP receptor (GRPR) and NMB receptor (NMBR), respectively ( Spindel et al . 1990 , Battey et al . 1991 , Wada et al . 1991 , Benya et al . 1995 ). Both GRPR and NMBR belong to bombesin receptor family of G protein
Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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al . 2013 ). Endurance training in skeletal muscle can be mechanistically linked to activation of an AMP-sensitive gene expression program coordinated by 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the nuclear receptor peroxisome
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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C&C Research Laboratories, Kyunggi-do, Korea
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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C&C Research Laboratories, Kyunggi-do, Korea
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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C&C Research Laboratories, Kyunggi-do, Korea
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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C&C Research Laboratories, Kyunggi-do, Korea
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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C&C Research Laboratories, Kyunggi-do, Korea
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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C&C Research Laboratories, Kyunggi-do, Korea
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Introduction The estrogen receptor (ER) is a member of the superfamily of nuclear receptors (NRs), and it functions as a ligand-dependent transcription factor that mediates the biological effects of estrogens ( Parker 1993 , Tsai
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genomic actions of T 3 are mediated by thyroid hormone nuclear receptors (TRs). There are two TR genes, TRα and TRβ , located on different chromosomes, to encode three major T 3 binding receptors, α1, β1, and β2 ( Cheng 2000 ). These TR isoforms