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Xin Liu Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China

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Nan Zheng Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China

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Ya-Nan Shi Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China

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Jihong Yuan Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China

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Lanying Li Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China

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integrin than T 3 . By binding to integrin αvβ3, the thyroid hormone signal is transduced by the MAPK (extracellular regulated kinase 1/2, ERK1/2) cascade ( Davis et al . 2004 , Bergh et al . 2005 ). Several complex downstream events occur as a result of

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-13-0252
Volume/Issue:
Volume 52: Issue 3
Free access
Michelle Colomiere Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Translational Proteomics, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, University of Melbourne, 4th Floor, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg 3084, Victoria, Australia

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Michael Permezel Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Translational Proteomics, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, University of Melbourne, 4th Floor, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg 3084, Victoria, Australia

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Martha Lappas Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Translational Proteomics, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, University of Melbourne, 4th Floor, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg 3084, Victoria, Australia
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Translational Proteomics, Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, University of Melbourne, 4th Floor, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg 3084, Victoria, Australia

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their offspring have greater incidence of perinatal complications and increased risk of obesity and diabetes in adulthood ( Metzger 2007 ). Blood glucose levels are regulated by the insulin-signalling pathway. The β-cells of the pancreas secrete insulin

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JME-09-0091
Volume/Issue:
Volume 44: Issue 4
Free access
Silvia Ottaviani Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, London W12 0NN, UK

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Alexander de Giorgio Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, London W12 0NN, UK

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Victoria Harding Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, London W12 0NN, UK

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Justin Stebbing Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, London W12 0NN, UK

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Leandro Castellano Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, London W12 0NN, UK

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signaling participates in a range of pathological processes, with NRs implicated in diseases such as diabetes, hormone resistance syndromes, and cancer. Forty-eight NRs have been identified in humans ( Xiao et al . 2013 ). Upon ligand binding, these

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-14-0134
Volume/Issue:
Volume 53: Issue 2
Free access
T Ichikawa Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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K Horie-Inoue Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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K Ikeda Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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B Blumberg Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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S Inoue Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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–antigen complexes were detected using the Western Blotting Chemiluminescence Luminol Reagent (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Antibodies used included anti-phospho PKA and anti-PKA (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA). Preparation of cRNA

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JME-07-0048
Volume/Issue:
Volume 39: Issue 4
Free access
Hong Zhu Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China

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Wei Cao Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China

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Peng Zhao Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

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Jieyu Wang Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China

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Yuying Qian Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China

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Yun Li Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China

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, angiotensin (Ang) II is the most critical active peptide to stimulate the downstream signalling, including cellular proliferation, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and cardiovascular dysfunction ( Pan et al. 2014 a , von Lueder et al. 2015

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-20-0059
Volume/Issue:
Volume 65: Issue 2
Restricted access
Ray-Jade Chen Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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His-Chin Wu Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Mu-Hsin Chang Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Chao-Hung Lai Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Yun-Chen Tien Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Jin-Ming Hwang Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC
Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Wu-Hsien Kuo Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Fuu-Jen Tsai Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Chang-Hai Tsai Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Li-Mien Chen Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Chih-Yang Huang Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC
Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC
Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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Chun-Hsien Chu Trauma and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Healthcare Administration, Division of Medical Technology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC

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). Conversely, IGF2 to IGF1R or InR triggers a series of mitotic signaling cascades that function in cell development, growth, survival, and metabolic effect regulation ( Jones & Clemmons 1995 , Diaz et al . 2007 , Blum & Baumrucker 2008 ). Recent evidence

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JME-08-0121
Volume/Issue:
Volume 43: Issue 6
Free access
Chen Chen Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China

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Yongdong Peng Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China

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Yinglin Peng Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China

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Jian Peng Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China

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Siwen Jiang Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China

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family impair preadipocyte differentiation ( Karbiener et al . 2009 , Sun et al . 2009 , Kim et al . 2010 ). In addition, miR-210 has been reported to promote adipogenesis by inhibiting the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway ( Qin et al

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-14-0013
Volume/Issue:
Volume 52: Issue 3
Free access
Clemens Wagner
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S Roy Caplan Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Department of Physiology, Neuropeptide Physiology Laboratory, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Department of Physiology, Neuropeptide Physiology Laboratory, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland

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Gloria S Tannenbaum Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Department of Physiology, Neuropeptide Physiology Laboratory, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland

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receptor on somatotroph cells where it synergistically (in combination with GHRH) increases the release of GH and antagonizes the effect of SRIF. Moreover, i.v. ghrelin signals via the vagus nerve to the brain where it triggers the release of GHRH and

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JME-09-0023
Volume/Issue:
Volume 43: Issue 3
Free access
Yan-ping Xu Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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Jia-jun Zhu Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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Fen Cheng Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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Ke-wen Jiang Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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Wei-zhong Gu Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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Zheng Shen Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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Yi-dong Wu Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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Li Liang Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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Li-zhong Du Department of Neonatology, Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China

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considerably from PH induced by chronic hypoxia (CH). A previous study has shown that ghrelin can directly stimulate the production of nitric oxide (NO) from vascular endothelial cells through PI 3-kinase-dependent signaling pathways that mimic the effects of

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-10-0143
Volume/Issue:
Volume 47: Issue 1
Free access
L O’Rear Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, T-0107 Medical Center North, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
University of Chieti, Department of Pediatrics, Chieti, Italy

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L Longobardi Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, T-0107 Medical Center North, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
University of Chieti, Department of Pediatrics, Chieti, Italy

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M Torello Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, T-0107 Medical Center North, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
University of Chieti, Department of Pediatrics, Chieti, Italy

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B K Law Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, T-0107 Medical Center North, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
University of Chieti, Department of Pediatrics, Chieti, Italy

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H L Moses Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, T-0107 Medical Center North, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
University of Chieti, Department of Pediatrics, Chieti, Italy

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F Chiarelli Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, T-0107 Medical Center North, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
University of Chieti, Department of Pediatrics, Chieti, Italy

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A Spagnoli Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, T-0107 Medical Center North, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
University of Chieti, Department of Pediatrics, Chieti, Italy

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cartilage ( Johnstone et al. 1998 , Pittenger et al. 1999 , Sekiya et al. 2002 ). However, much of the basic biology of MCCs and in particular the molecular signals by which growth factors regulate MCC fate are basically unknown. Insulin

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/jme.1.01746
Volume/Issue:
Volume 34: Issue 3
Free access